Standard+3+Properties+of+Matter

=Physical Science: Standard 3: Properties of Matter=

__﻿__//__Essential Questions__://
** 1. ** What are the physical properties of matter? // They are color,shape,size,density,melting point, boiling point,and freezing point. // ** 2. ** What are the chemical properties of matter? // They are the ability to burn and the ability to corrode. // ** 3. ** How do you distinguish between a physical property and a chemical property? // A physical property is something you can observed without changing the identity of the substance. A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that tells whether it can undergo a certain chemical change. // ** 4. ** What is boiling point? // Boiling point is the temparature at which the pressure of the vapor is equal too the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid. // ** 5. ** What is freezing/melting point? // The melting point is the temperature at which a solid begins to become a liquid, and freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid begins to become a solid. // ** 6. ** What is a phase change? // Phase changes is when it is changing form of matter. // ** 7. ** How are boiling point, freezing/melting point, and phase change related? //The boiling point,freezing/melting point is when a form of liquid changes form//. ** 8. ** What is density? // Density is the mass per unit volume of material. // ** 9. ** How is density effected by the size of the sample of material (under constant conditions)? // Density will not change at all it will remain constant. // ** 10. ** How is density effected by changes in temperature (or phase changes)? // The higher the temperature the less dense it is,the lower the temperature the more dense it is. // ** 11. ** How is volume related to phase? ** 12. ** How do we measure density? ** 13. ** How do you measure the volume of a cube? A cylinder? An irregularly shaped object? ** 14. ** How do you calculate density? ** 15. ** How do you use the density formula to solve for mass or volume? ** 16. ** What is a solute? ** 17. ** What is a solvent? ** 18. ** What is solubility? ** 19. ** How does temperature effect solubility? ** 20. ** What is saturated? ** 21. ** What are some examples of materials that are soluble in water? /-Stone, salt, and etc. ** 22. ** What are some examples of materials that are not soluble in water? -/sand , ** 23. ** Why is solubility considered a physical property? /-You don't need to alter the identity of the substance to determine its **solubility** ** 24. ** What is viscosity? /-Is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress. ** 25. ** How does temperature effect viscosity?/- When a substance is heated the viscosity of the substance increase. ** 26. ** Why is viscosity considered a physical property? /-Because it describes the physical motion of that substance ** 27. ** What is conductivity?/ -The degree to which a specified material conducts electricity, calculated as the ratio of the current density in the material to the electric field that causes the flow of current ** 28. ** What do we call materials with high conductivity? -insulator. ** 29. ** What do we call materials with low conductivity?- conductor. ** 30. ** What is an electrolyte? -is any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive. ** 31. ** What key ingredient do electrolyte solutions contain? ** 32. ** What is a chemical property? //is a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change.// ** 33. ** What is the byproduct of a chemical change? ** 34. ** What are six common chemical properties? ** 35. ** What is an organic substance? ** 36. ** What is a protein? ** 37. ** What are building blocks of proteins? ** 38. ** What are some common functions of proteins? ** 39. ** What is a carbohydrate? ** 40. ** What is the primary function of carbohydrates? ** 41. ** What is a lipid? ** 42. ** What is the primary function of lipids? ** 43. ** What is a hydrocarbon? ** 44. ** What is a chief characteristic of hydrocarbons that makes them a good fuel source? ** 45. ** What is a polymer? ** 46. ** Given the properties of the substance, what are some potential uses for inorganic substances? (e.g., copper, aluminum, water, and argon). ** 47. ** What is the composition of elements? ** 48. ** What is the smallest unit of an element that can be involved in a chemical reaction? ** 49. ** Where can all known elements be located? ** 50. ** What is the composition of molecular substances? ** 51. ** How do chemical and physical properties of a molecular substance compare to the chemical and physical properties of the elements that make up that substance? ** 52. ** What are some examples (in the form of chemical names, chemical symbols/formulas, verbal descriptions, or pictorial diagrams) of substances composed of molecules? ** 53. ** What are some examples (in the form of chemical names, chemical symbols/formulas, verbal descriptions, or pictorial diagrams) of substances composed of individual atoms? ** 54. ** What are pure substances? ** 55. ** How many types of pure substances are there and what are they? ** 56. ** What is an element? ** 57. ** What is a compound? ** 58. ** How do the identifying properties of a compound compare to the identifying properties of the elements that compose them? ** 59. ** How can compounds be broken down into their component parts? ** 60. ** How do we identify the chemical composition of a compound? ** 61. ** What are the characteristics of a mixture? __//A mixture is a material made up of two or more substances that can be easily seperated by physical means.//__ ** 62. ** What are some common methods for separating mixtures? __//Some common methods for seperating mixtures are filtering, distillation, osmosis, electophoresis, and using magnets.//__ ** 63. ** How are mixtures classified? __//Mixtures are classified by being either homogenous or heterogenous//__. ** 64. ** What is a heterogeneous mixture? __//A herterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which different materials can be easily distinguished//__. ** 65. ** What is a homogeneous mixture? __//A homogenous mixture is a mixture that contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout the mixture.//__ ** 66. ** What states of matter can mixtures be found in? They can be found in solids, liquids, and gases. ** 67. ** What are the three basic assumptions (or tenets) of the kinetic theory of matter? **1. All matter is composed of small particles( atoms, molecules, and ions). 2. These particles are in constant, random motion. 3. These particles are colliding with each other and the walls of their container.** ** 68. ** How would you explain the process of dissolving in terms of the kinetic theory of mattter? **Particles of the solvent interact with the particles of the solute.** ** 69. ** How does temperature affect the rate at which a substance dissolves? **It speeds up the rate, at which it dissolves.** ** 70. ** How does particle size affect the rate at which a substance dissolves? **The smaller the particle the faster it dissolves.** ** 71. ** How does agitation affect the rate at which a substance dissolves? ** 72. ** Will a water soluble material dissolve in water regardless of its size, the temperature, and presence or absence of agitation? Why or why not? ** 73. ** What is the difference between the rate of dissolving and solubility? ** 74. ** What are the characteristics of a solid? ** 75. ** What are the characteristics of a liquid? ** 76. ** What are the characteristics of a gas? ** 77. ** What are the characteristics of plasma? ** 78. ** How would the kinetic energy of two samples of matter compare if both samples of matter were at the same temperature? If one sample of matter was at a higher (or lower) temperature than another sample of matter? Would it matter what state of matter the two samples were in (e.g., one is a gas, the other a solid)? ** 79. ** What is a phase change (in energy terms)? ** 80. ** What is temperature (in energy terms)? ** 81. ** What is a temperature change (in energy terms)? ** 82. ** What is heat energy? ** 83. ** What is boiling point (in energy terms)? ** 84. ** What is freezing/melting point (in energy terms)? ** 85. ** What is a phase change (in energy terms)? ** 86. ** What is evaporation and when does it occur? ** 87. ** What is sublimation? ** 88. ** What is the profile of a temperature vs. time graph for an object when heat is being added over time? ** 89. ** Why is the slope of a temperature vs. time graph zero when the material is going through a phase change? ** 90. ** What is the ion-based definition of an acid? ** 91. ** What is the ion-based definition of a base? **Any substance that forms hydroxide ions, OH-in water solution.** ** 92. ** What is the pH range? **0-to-14** ** 93. ** What is the pH of pure water and what does this mean in terms of ion concentrations? **7 and it means the concentrations of H+ and OH- ions are exactly equal.** ** 94. ** What is the pH-based definition of an acid? **<7**  ** 95. ** What is the pH-based definition of a base? **>7**  ** 96. ** What are the physical and chemical properties of acidic solutions? **Sour taste, corrosive, turn blue litmus paper red, low Ph lvls** ** 97. ** How can you identify a chemical formula as an acid (with the exception of water)? **By testing wheather it changes a piece of blue litmus paper red.** ** 98. ** What are the physical and chemical properties of basic solutions? **Bitter taste, caustic, turn red litmus paper blue, high Ph lvls** ** 99. ** How can you identify a chemical formula as a base? **By testing wheather it changes a piece of red litmus paper blue.** ** 100. ** What is the process of neutralization? **Testing if a chemical reaction happens between an __Acid__ and a __Base__ that takes place in a water solution.**